How to Ensure a Clause
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Epistle XC: How to Ensure a Clause
Be this read by my Foster Brother Puey!
Puey, I’m sad to write to you right now. Éfhelìnye has been very upset as of late. The Brides returned with your epistle and were quite eager to tell Éfhelìnye just how much they like you and wish that you would become their new Lord and Husband. Our Lord Raven himself is missing, of course, at least he’s not upon his Throne of Thorns and regulating this place of visions and nightmares, although I did see his persuing a nymph through the forest for a time. At first I thought that Éfhelìnye was going to start learning to enjoy or at least tolerate the jokes that the Brides of Raven are playing upon her, and she even practiced some polite and courteous laughter as if to shrug away with her flame wings what others may say. And yet Éfhelìnye , despite being the most creative and imaginative person that I know, able to conceive of worlds and time and words which never existed before, can be quite literal minded in terms of personal interaction. I am not sure whether she knows that the Brides were just playing with her. Right now she’s moping and trying to keep busy and from weeping. That maid sure can weep. Not as much as Karuláta, she weeps up storms seven or eight times a day, but Karuláta can weep when she’s happy, while Éfhelìnye usually reserves her for sadness, even if the sadness is not from something real coming to pass.
Éfhaji, do you wish to write to Puey? The Coryphæus told me he’d deliver the letter himself. And the Brides are all far away?
Appearently the Princess wishes for me to tell you that the suffix –ejet is a level six suffix for various historical reasons which she has not yet been able to determine, but we can prove that it belongs not with the level four syntactic suffixes since aspect must come before it, and yet –ejet must come before level seven verbal suffixes. So one must say Efhelinyeyejetàkhyan because Éfhelìnye dances. She is telling gme that we could think of –ejet as a level six and one half suffix if we wish to, it does not matter how we view it, just so long as we know how to use it correctly.
Do you wish to take the epistle into your hands, my Princess? Go ahead and write to Puey. No? I’ll write down anything you say.
Éfhelìnye is telling me that later on she shall explain why some emotion words take the dative form of the locative case, such as Xàyati púxhmisa I am sad and sometimes the form of the locative case with tlhir+ such as Xàyati pútlhisa. I am sad. She says that the examples I gave before were all grammatically correct. If you review the epistles she wrote about the locative case, she tells me, you will see that tlhir+ is also used to express enduring certain situations. She will explain it in full at a later time, but she wants me to tell you that xàyati tlhir X is a composite modal, and so one says Újar tsenastélàrejikh xàyati tlhir Soîpras The Brides of Raven are sad to think about the Princess.
Wait, Éfhelìnye is beginning to weep. We’re going to have to write this epistle at another time.
Puey, this is Fhermáta. Some hours have passed. Éfhelìnye is feeling much better. However, we’re in the midst of one of the strangest gatherings I have e'er witnessed. The Coryphæus, in his attempt to make the Princess feel better, has gotten it into his mind that she would be happy to be teaching grammar unto whatever creatures dwell here in the Nightmare realms, and so he’s gathered together in this cwm myriads of dark Sàqajakh and bright Sèrapel and slithey Sòjheqhe and the Lwepasèpijhu Spiderwraiths and Khmereqhemenorthyèpta Brainabsorbers and Xhwìtwa rock creatures and Engekétlhaxhyènte Nightfliers and Qhenthityaqája Nightthralls. These nightmarish creatures are all arising and falling and fluttering throughout the cirque and are turning tentacles and fangs unto the Princess, as she walks before the chalkboard and begins drawing charts and lines. I shall do my best to write down all that she draws and saith.
Greetings unto you honored Cloud Cuckoo Folk of the Otherworld, ye Qhenthityaqája Nightslaves and Engekétlhaxhyènte Nightfliers and lapidary Xhwìtwa and Khmereqhemenorthyèpta Brainabsorbers and Lwepasèpijhu Spiderspirits and yet slithe Sòjheqhe and tintinabulous Sèrapel and thrasús Sàqajakh.
Puey, everyone is hooting and applauding and clacking their mandibles. It truly is a din.
This evening we shall be discussing the Causative Construction, or the Ensuring Construction as it is more oft called. One can think of this construct almost as a form of a grammatical voice, for it increases the valency of a clause. Oh, ye sound quite enthusiastic to learn about the Ensuring Construction. I had no idea that you nightmare creatures were so enthralled by language!
Puey, the creatures here are just dancing for joy, they are leaping and punching and gouging each other with their winged eyen and fanged limbs. Between you and me, I think that the Coryphæus ordered these Spirits to attend this meeting and enhappy the Princess. Enhappy? Oh dear, that’s a form of the Ensuring Construction, isn’t it? Oh, the cheers are dying down now, I’d better write what the Princess has to say.
In this trùngin grammar grimore that I am composing, oh my I had no idea your spirits loved Language so much, I assume that these little spontaneous brawls that are breaking out are all on account of your joy for words, so far I have discussed three different constructions, the Humiliative Construction, the Possessive Construction, and the Habeo Construction. The reason these Constructions are not called Modes or Moods or Voices is that although they may have some relationship to Modes or Moods or Voices, they are sufficiently different enough to warrant their own syntax, and so they are deamed constructions.
The Humiliative Construction consists of using the level four pronominal prefixes.
Jiîkhnier qhistélar qhijijíxhe púyan.
I humbly kiss the laughing princess on purpose.
Jetuînamat tlhiyóqla justélar púyan.
I humbly give flowers unto the princess who is my friend.
The Possessive Construciton consists of using the prefixes paje/xhnalwa/teiqha- to form a version of the construct case.
Khniêr teiqhafhrotayàxhmikh stélaring pú.
I kiss the princess’ books.
Tuînamat xhnalwayóqlayòlkha’ axhíxhi wtsát stélaring jijíxhe kae tyaqáyayàswaor pú.
I give the laughing princess’ orange and green flowers unto the slaves.
And the Habeo Construction consists of using various forms of the locative case to express having.
Óqla’ axhíxhi wtsátòjhwo stélaring jijíxheyàswaor.
The laughing princess has orange and green flowers.
Óqla’ axhíxhi wtsátòjhwo xhyuqoas?
Who has orange and green flowers?
And you will notice that axhíxhi wtsátòjhwo refer unto óqla the flowers not only because they are plural but because that phrase ends with the focus particle which denotes them as beng non-sentient animates. This is quite a common way of reminding the listener and reader of what phrase modifies which participle.
Now we shall learn a Fourth Construction, the Ensuring Construction. Oh my! The nightmares and spirits are doing a little cheer for me! The Otherworld surely must be a bastion of intellectual thought, contrary unto mine expectations. Now, how shall I begin? Everyone is just dancing in the cwm and
I’m sorry Puey, I can’t hear the Princess right now. The spirits are fighting one another. I must reiterate my doubts that they are quite so enthused for Language itself. Who can understand the ways of Spirits?
Everything is calming down now. Éfhelìnye is writing upon the tàmpo chalk board again, and dream chalk is swirling all about her.
The Ensuring Construction is used to indicate that some agent causes or ensures one clause to come to pass. If the original clause is intransitive or stative, it is treated as if it were transitive or ditransitive. If the original clause is transitive or ditransitive, the Ensuring Construction gives it another object. In addition to simply describing a third party acting upon a clause, the Ensuring Construction is also used to denote the agent of the passive voice. One of the reasons that Traditional Grammarians have not paid too much attention to the Ensuring Construction is because they thought of it as a form of the passive voice, but it is not, for one can use the Ensuring Construction with other voices indeed.
Let us think of a very simple intransitive or stative example.
Wtsàtim úlaxhéyu.
The tree is green.
Wtsàtim ur qoe’ úlaxhéyu jaiJhàsqewa.
Wtsàtim úlaxhéyu jaiJhasqewayètwur.
JaiJhasqewayètwur wtsàtim úlaxhéyu.
Honored Raven causes the tree to be green.
Honored Raven ensures that the tree is green.
In the above examples I have underlined the particles which mark this as being part of the Ensuring Construction. You can see that there are three forms, one which involves adding the element +ur unto the predicate and prefixing +qoe unto the interior subject, one which involves leaving the clause intact but adding –etwur to the exterior subject at the end, and the third which involves fronting the exterior subject ending in –etwur before the clause it causes. Also, and this is more for the benefit of my beloved Puey who speaks the languages of all beasts, I don’t suppose any of you understand the growls and purrs of Qtheûnte? No? It is quite marvelous. Anyway, one may freely translate this construction as causing to, forcing to, letting something happen, or ensuring. Sometimes I think that when speaking of it as purely grammatical form one should think of it as causative, but in translation often ensure sounds better.
Now, let is think of a clause transitive or ditransitive and find out what shall come to pass.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye.
Puey kisses the ballerina princess on the lips.
Khòsyein ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye jaiJhàsqewa.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayètwur.
JaiJhasqewayètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye.
Honored Raven causes Puey to kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
The construction is really identical to the above. One just has to keep in mind that the suffix +ur always follows the predicate, and the affix qoe comes before the second predicate. The object remains in its appropriate case. For instance, one could recast the above as atelick clauses and say:
Khòsyein ur jhpaipasaraxayètyikh qoe Puîye jaiJhàsqewa.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxayètyikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayètwur.
JaiJhasqewayètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxayètyikh Puîye.
Honored Raven causes Puey to kiss some of the ballerina princesses on the lips.
Honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss some of the ballerina princesses on the lips.
Also, and this is part of the shere joy of the Ensuring Construction, one may use it expression volitionality and non-volitionality. One must just keep in mind that it is only the exterior subject, that which causes or ensures something to come to pass that is changed, for the interior subject, whether or not it follows qoe is always a predicate experiencer. And so one says:
Wtsàtim úlaxhéyuyan.
The tree is green on purpose.
Wtsàtim ur qoe’ úlaxhéyu jaiJhasqèwayan.
Wtsàtim úlaxhéyu jaiJhasqewayanètwur.
JaiJhasqewayanètwur wtsàtim úlaxhéyu.
Honored Raven causes the tree to be green on purpose.
Honored Raven ensures that the tree is green on purpose.
Wtsàtim úlaxhéyùyepakh.
The tree chances to be green.
Wtsàtim ur qoe’ úlaxhéyu jaiJhasqewàyepakh.
Wtsàtim úlaxhéyu jaiJhasqewayepakhètwur.
JaiJhasqewayepakhètwur wtsàtim úlaxhéyu.
Honored Raven happens to cause the tree to be green.
Honored Raven did not mean to ensure that the tree is green.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîyeyan.
Puey kisses the ballerina princess on the lips on purpose.
Khòsyein ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye jaiJhasqèwayan.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayanètwur.
JaiJhasqewayanètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye.
Honored Raven causes Puey to kiss the ballerina princess on the lips on purpose
Honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips on purpose.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puiyèyepakh.
Puey chances to kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Khòsyein ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye jaiJhasqewàyepakh.
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayepakhètwur.
JaiJhasqewayepakhètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye.
Honored Raven did not mean to cause Puey to kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Honored Raven happens to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
The Ensuring Construction is such a prevalent part of Babel Grammar that it is not really surprising that grammarians have not studied it, and when they have they have grown confused on why it works. Which term, exactly is the subject? Are there two subjects or two predicates and a subject? Why can’t Ensuring Constructions be used in relative clauses? Oh, I suppose I should write that in bold red chalk.
Ensuring Constructions cannot be used in relative clauses.
Also why do we even have a construction? Why do not not just have a useful affix which changes the meaning of the predicate? We have level nine derivational suffixes, and so one can say jhpaipasaraxàyotlhakh places of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxayàthyikh owners of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxayaôngi one who acts as a ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxàyufhein the children of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxàyepol full of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxayètwas groups of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxàyapuir words of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxayàtwakh myths of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxayèqluil stories of ballerina princesses and jhpaipasaraxàyongan rituals of ballerina princessesand jhpaipasaraxayàjhwen the quality of ballerina princesses.
But we have no suffix or affix at all which means those who cause someone or something to be a ballerina princess. We have to use the Ensuring Construction which is its own clause.
The Wise have wondered about this and claimed that the –qhí- infix is some lost and fossilized transifier which also acts as a causative. For instance qhìthnaing means those who listen to someone or something but qhiqhíthnaing means those who inform someone or something, and that is certainly semantically related to causation. And yet we have no inflexional way to turn, say xhórn, xhùrnamat those who eat someone or something into those who feed someone or something, one has to use the construction. Alas, the Grammarians say, we have terms such as sàpla those who are simple, without parts, wholesome, but we have no single word for simplify, one must say Sàpla’ ur pú I simplify something. How hopelessly irregular and idiosyncratic language must be.
The Ensuring Construction, though, is not irregular and idiosyncratic. Babel does not need an infinite number of affixes to describe all things, we are able to use the elements we have and builded from them. Plus the Ensuring Construction is elegant and beautiful and forces the listener and reader to remember Who is causing Someone to be or do Someone Else, and so we have to think about causation in a certain way. And it is great fun.
Before we continue I just wish to mention the Causative Voice.
There is No Such Thing as the Causative Voice. Sometimes folk call the Passive Voice the Causative Voice, but that is inaccurate, since the Ensuring Construction may be used with all of the voices. The Ensuring Construction does, natheless, have a symbiotic relationship with the Passive Voice for it increases its valency and can denote the agent. Examples as always shall make this clear. Let us think of a simple sentence in the passive voice.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips.
How does one answer the question khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh xhyús? Who kissed the ballerina princess on her lips? One must use the Ensuring Construction as follows.
Xhnípe’ ur khosyeînejikh qoe jhpaipasàraxim Puîye.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim Puiyeyètwur.
Puiyeyètwur xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by Puey.
And the passive voice may be inflected for volitionality and non-volitionality, although not for atelicity.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasaràximan.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips on purpose
Xhnípe’ ur khosyeînejikh qoe jhpaipasàraxim Puîyeyan.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim Puiyeyanètwur.
Puiyeyanètwur xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by Puey on purpose.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh xhlir jhpaipasàraxim.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by accident.
Xhnípe’ ur khosyeînejikh qoe jhpaipasàraxim xhlir Puîye.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim xhlir Puiyeyètwur.
Xhlir Puiyeyètwur xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by Puey by accident.
So I believe you’ve been given a fairly good summary of the Ensuring Construction, you’ve learned that it is a Construction and not a Mode, Mood, or Voice, it is not merely an inflexion, and it may be used to express volitionality and non-volitionality. Let’s explore the affixes that made up the Ensuring Construction and find out what else we may learn.
The affixes needed to create the Ensuring Construction are as follows:
+ Qoe purpueypose (4-s)
·etwur* causative ensuring construction; (root) causes, ensures somewhom/somewhat (6-s)
·etwúreu* irrealis causative, ensuring construction; may (root) cause, ensure somewhom/somewhat (6-s)
+ Ur* causative ensuring construction; X causes, forces, lets, ensures (root) to betide (6-s)
Let’s just work with some examples! Do let’s!
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Puîyus.
Puîyus eats his books.
Xhlár ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusètwur.
Puiyusètwur xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta.
Puîyus makes Fhermáta eat his books.
Puîyus causes Fhermáta to eat his books.
Puîyus ensures that Fhermáta eat his books.
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Puîyus.
Puîyus sings for Þe viceroy queens.
Khníjur ur xhmir qíriniîle qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusètwur.
Puiyusètwur khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta.
Puîyus makes Fhermáta psing before Þe viceroy queen.
Puîyus causes Fhermáta to sing before the regent queen.
Puîyus ensures that Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queen.
Qìr pé’ áxha Puîyus.
Puîyus is now red.
Qìr pé’ áxha’ ur qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta Puiyusètwur.
Puiyusètwur qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta.
Puîyus makes Fhermáta be now red.
Puîyus now causes Fhermáta to be red.
Puîyus ensures that Fhermáta is now red.
Already remember, oh Spirits and Nightmares, and Fhermáta too as you jot down my words, that the suffix +ur always comes after the predicate experiencer, which in these examples is the element that Puey is making someone else to be. Xhlár ur is make someone to be an eater and khníjur ur make someone to be a singer and áxha’ ur make someone to be red. The person or wiht being made to be someone follows qoe which is otherwise used in purpose clauses and with the honorific mode. The use of –etwur is thus a little simpler to use because one just has to think of the exterior object, but I find ur … qoe to have a nice sound unto it.
Of course if there is is no second predicate in the Ensuring Construction, than qoe is not used.
Lwaûr tlhir Puîye.
Puey is homesick.
Lwaûr ur tlhir Puîye Fhermáta.
Lwaûr tlhir Puîye Fhermátayètwur.
Fhermátayètwur lwaûr tlhir Puîye.
Fhermáta causes Puey to be homesick.
Fhermáta ensures that Puey is homesick.
Fhermáta homesickens Puey.
And in the above I have used the participle lwaûr homesickness which one finds as a tlhir+ modal lwaûr tlhir X X is homesick, X is homesick to. In the examples above there is no interior subject in the experiencer case, so one does not use the affix qoe.
Let’s continue with some examples.
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye.
Puey paints his books.
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermáta.
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayètwur.
Fhermátayètwur tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye.
Fhermáta makes Puey paint his book.
Fhermáta causes Puey to paint his book.
Fhermáta ensures that Puey paint his book.
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermáta
Tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayètwur.
Fhermátayètwur tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye.
Fhermáta makes Puey to paint hir book.
Fhermáta causes Puey to paint hir book.
Fhermáta ensures that Puey paint her book.
The suffix –etwur essentially creates its own coordinate clause which means X ensures it to be complicated by a subordinate clause meaning that Y doth X. According to the law of double thirds, the first third in a subordinate clause refers unto its own subject. Therefore the prefix teiqha- must refer to the subject of the subordinate clause, meaning his or her who was forced to do something while the prefix jhanwa- means his or her who did the causing.
One can think of these double thirds as:
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermáta.
Fhermáta ensures that Puey paint this one’s, that is, his book.
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermáta
Fhermáta ensures that Puey paint that one’s book, that is, her book.
That being chanted, remember the example just a few moments ago?
Xhlár ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Puîyus ensures that Fhermáta eat his books.
Doesn’t that violate the law of double thirds?
Actually, it does. But we understand it without having to think about it. I think that the reason is quite simple. The prefixes paje/xhnalwa/teiqha- his, her, their, this one’s and the prefixes khemle/khmampe/jhanwa- his, her, their, that one’s usually follow the law of double thirds because they are very specific in the way that they one to the other. However when just using common personal pronouns, context just makes it clear. Now if one chanted the following:
Xhlár ur úqei kekoqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Puîyus ensures that Fhermáta eat his books.
We know that the books just have to refer to him. And if we say:
Xhlár ur úqei kexheqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Puîyus ensures that Fhermáta eat her books.
We know that it must refer unto her. And so when we deal with very common personal pronouns the double thirds really refer to first salient term and then second salient term in context. But when we use the very specific second thirds such as the proximative paje/xhnalwa/teiqha- his, her, their, this one’s and the obviative khemle/khmampe/jhanwa- his, her, their, that one’s one is keeping track of one specific term and then a second specific term.
Usually. For we who are Real People do not always follow exact and rigorously mathematical rules. I do not know exactly how you Spirits and Nightmares and Nymphs think, but from what I have observed, and from the Automata and even the Immortals my kin, I find that we all have the same prediliction to form games within puzzles within song.
One should keep in mind that the subject marked with –etwur may be fronted; it does not have to come at the end of the clause.
Fhermátayètwur xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra.
Fhermáta causes Þe viceroy king to build many castlen.
Fhermáta ensures that the regent king build many castles.
This is especially useful for expressing volitionality and non-volitionality.
Puiyusanètwur xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta.
Puîyus sets out to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books.
Puiyusepakhètwur xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta.
Puîyus did not mean to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books.
Puiyusanètwur khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta.
Puîyus sets out to ensure that Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queen.
Puiyusepakhètwur khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta.
Puîyus did not mean to ensure that Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queen.
Puiyusanètwur qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta.
Puîyus set out to ensure that Fhermáta is now red.
Puiyusepakhètwur qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta.
Puîyus did not mean to ensure that Fhermáta is now red.
Fhermátayanètwur lwaûr tlhir Puîye.
Fhermáta set out to ensure that Puey is homesick.
Fhermátayepakhètwur lwaûr tlhir Puîye.
Fhermáta did not mean to ensure that Puey is homesick.
The Ensuring Construction has a slightly irregular irrealis form. For both the suffix –etwur and ur … qoe. Personally I find this form quite elegant, and in a way it simplifies forms for this Construction. If we take a very simple example:
Khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus Fhermáta.
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayètwur.
Fhermátayètwur khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus.
Fhermáta causes Puîyus to kiß Þe Princess.
Fhermáta ensures that Puîyus kiss the Princess.
And the irrealis form is.
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayetwúreu!
Fhermátayetwúreu khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May Fhermáta cause Puîyus to kiß Þe Princess!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess!
Keep in mind that Khnier khruje ur stélarejikh qoe Puiyus Fhermáta is ungrammatical, it just doesn’t make sense to most listeners even though we are quite familiar with the use of the suffix khrúje. However, it is possible to front almost any statement in the comment mood with ás and turn it into the irrealis mood. So one does hear the following:
Ás khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus Fhermáta!
Ás khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayètwur!
Ás Fhermátayètwur khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May Fhermáta cause Puîyus to kiß Þe Princess!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess!
The above forms are completely regular of course. However, more often than not, one uses the suffix –etwúreu to create an irrealis form of the Ensuring Construction. Let’s keep creating examples.
Khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus tó.
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus tóyetwur.
You cause Puîyus to kiß Þe Princess.
You ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess.
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus tóyetwúreu!
Tóyetwúreu khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Make Puîyus kiß Þe Princess!
Ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayetwúreu!
Fhermátayetwúreu tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
May Fhermáta make Puey paint his book!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puey paint his book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayetwúreu!
Fhermátayetwúreu tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
May Fhermáta cause Puey to paint hir book!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puey paint her book!
Xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra Fhermátayetwúreu!
Fhermátayetwúreu xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra!
May Fhermáta cause Þe viceroy kings to build many castlen!
May Fhermáta ensure the regent kings build many castles!
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusetwúreu!
Puiyusetwúreu xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta eat his books!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta eat his books!
Yes, yes, I have included the above sentence just to keep reminding you that personal pronouns sometimes don’t always follow the law of double thirds, but rather they just keep track of one salient third person and then a second one according to context.
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusetwúreu!
Puiyusetwúreu khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta psing before Þe viceroy queens!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta sing before the regent queens!
Qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta Puiyusetwúreu!
Puiyusetwúreu qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta be now red!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta is now red!
The only complexitity with the irrealis form of the Ensuring Construction is that the passive voice actually has two different irrealis forms. I shall discuss this in more depth when we finally come to a thorough discussion of the passive voice, but I think I should at least give a couple of examples so you can see how this works. The formula is actually quite simple. The Passive Voice with an agent simply takes the form xhnípeu, and the passive voice with an agent has two different forms.
Xhnípeu X·construct Y
May Y be X’ed!
Xhnípe X·construct Y Z·etwúreu.
Xhnípeu’ ur X·construct qoe Y Z.
May Y be X’ed by Z!
Does anyone have an example? Good, I’ll write that down.
Xhnípeu khrejhàrejikh Puîyus!
May Puîyus be killed!
Xhnípe khrejhàrejikh Puîyus Éfhelinyeyetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur khrejhàrejikh qoe Puîyus Éfhelìnye!
May Puîyus be killed by Éfhelìnye!
Who came up with that example? That was horrid. I think I’ll just invent the next ones.
Xhnípeu lreixematàxhmikh fhaîrotu!
May the book be read!
Xhnípe lreixematàxhmikh fhaîrotu tsenajakhtaqtayetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur lreixematàxhmikh qoe fhaîrotu tsenajakhtàqta!
May the book be read by the warrior!
Xhnípeu peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisènxha!
May the jewel be hid!
Xhnípe peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisènxha tsenakhyeqhiiretwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur peyàmpumat xhroe qoe tsatlhisènxha tsenàkhyeqhiir!
May the jewel be hidden by a dragon!
Keep in mind that that the passive voice just uses the Ensuring Construction in a different way. One does not front the element being modified with –etwúreu. One does not say tsenajakhtaqtayetwúreu xhnípe lreixematàxhmikh fhaîrotu! Or tsenakhyeqhiiretwúreu xhnípe peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisènxha! Rather one must use one of the formulæ that I have supplied above, either with the inflected agent at the end or the inflected xhnípeu at the beginning.
It is quite simple to see how the irrealis forms of the Ensuring Construction are used with volitionality and non-volitionality.
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayanetwúreu!
Fhermátayanetwúreu khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May Fhermáta cause Puîyus to kiß Þe Princess on purpose!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess on purpose!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayepakhetwúreu!
Fhermátayepakhetwúreu khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May Fhermáta cause Puîyus to kiß Þe Princess by accident!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess by accident!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus tóyanetwúreu!
Tóyanetwúreu khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Make Puîyus kiß Þe Princess on purpose!
Ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess on purpose!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus tóyepakhetwúreu!
Tóyepakhetwúreu khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Make Puîyus kiß Þe Princess by accident!
Ensure that Puîyus kiss the Princess by accident!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayanetwúreu!
Fhermátayanetwúreu tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
May Fhermáta make Puey paint his book on purpose!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puey paint his book on purpose!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayepakhetwúreu!
Fhermátayepakhetwúreu tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
May Fhermáta make Puey paint his book by accident!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puey paint his book by accident!
Tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayanetwúreu!
Fhermátayanetwúreu tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
May Fhermáta cause Puey to paint hir book on purpose!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puey paint her book on purpose!
Tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayepakhetwúreu!
Fhermátayepakhnetwúreu tnarjhwèkhmat jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
May Fhermáta cause Puey to paint hir book by accident!
May Fhermáta ensure that Puey paint her book by accident!
Xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra Fhermátayanetwúreu!
Fhermátayanetwúreu xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra!
May Fhermáta cause Þe viceroy kings to build many castlen on purpose!
May Fhermáta ensure the regent kings build many castles on purpose!
Xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra Fhermátayepakhetwúreu!
Fhermátayepakhetwúreu xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra!
May Fhermáta cause Þe viceroy kings to build many castlen by accident!
May Fhermáta ensure the regent kings build many castles by accident!
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusanetwúreu!
Puiyusanetwúreu xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta eat his books on purpose!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta eat his books on purpose!
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusepakhetwúreu!
Puiyusepakhetwúreu xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta eat his books by accident!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta eat his books by accident!
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusanetwúreu!
Puiyusanetwúreu khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta psing before Þe viceroy queens on purpose!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta sing before the regent queens on purpose!
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusepakhetwúreu!
Puiyusepakhetwúreu khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta psing before Þe viceroy queens by accident!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta sing before the regent queens by accident!
Qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta Puiyusanetwúreu!
Puiyusanetwúreu qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta be now red on purpose!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta is now red on purpose!
Qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta Puiyusepakhetwúreu!
Puiyusepakhetwúreu qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta!
May Puîyus make Fhermáta be now red by accident!
May Puîyus ensure that Fhermáta is now red by accident!
Xhnípeu khrejhàrejikh Puîyusan!
May Puîyus be killed on purpose!
Xhnípeu khrejhàrejikh Puiyùsepakh!
May Puîyus be killed by accident!
Xhnípe khrejhàrejikh Puîyus Éfhelinyeyanetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur khrejhàrejikh qoe Puîyus Éfhelìnyeyan!
May Puîyus be killed by Éfhelìnye on purpose!
Xhnípe khrejhàrejikh Puîyus Éfhelinyeyepakhetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur khrejhàrejikh qoe Puîyus Éfhelinyèyepakh!
May Puîyus be killed by Éfhelìnye by accident!
I’ve included the above examples because just to be thorough, but I still want to know who proffered such an horrible example.
He did!
Not I! You did it!
Raven did!
Yes! Whenever anything odd happens, Raven did it.
Let’s just continue with the irrealis mood.
Xhnípeu lreixematàxhmikh fhairòtuyan!
May the book be read on purpose!
Xhnípeu lreixematàxhmikh fhairòtùyepakh!
May the book be read by accident!
Xhnípe lreixematàxhmikh fhaîrotu tsenajakhtaqtayanetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur lreixematàxhmikh qoe fhaîrotu tsenajakhtàqtayan!
May the book be read by the warrior on purpose!
Xhnípe lreixematàxhmikh fhaîrotu tsenajakhtaqtayepakhetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur lreixematàxhmikh qoe fhaîrotu tsenajakhtaqtàyepakh!
May the book be read by the warrior by accident!
Xhnípeu peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisènxhayan!
May the jewel be hid on purpose!
Xhnípeu peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisenxhàyepakh!
May the jewel be hid by accident!
Xhnípe peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisènxha tsenakhyeqhiiranetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur peyàmpumat xhroe qoe tsatlhisènxha tsenakhyeqhiîran!
May the jewel be hidden by a dragon on purpose!
Xhnípe peyàmpumat xhroe tsatlhisènxha tsenakhyeqhiirepakhetwúreu!
Xhnípeu’ ur peyàmpumat xhroe qoe tsatlhisènxha tsenakhyeqhiîrepakh!
May the jewel be hidden by a dragon by accident!
Does anyone have any questions? Any comments? My goodness, you Nightmares and Spirits and Elements can be quite a boisterous bunch. Shall we move onto the Injunctive Mood? It is quite simple, really. Does anyone have any questins? You with the tentacles? You with the face inside your mouth? You all upside down and inside out? You with the brains and intestines on your … I think that’s your head I can’t be entirely sure? I’m just going to move onto the Injunctive Mood. Yes, yes, Fhermáta, I’ll draw a large box for the Injunctive Mood.
The Injunctive Mood with the Ensuring Construction
Do you remember when I wrote before about how the locative phrase qìr xhmé can sometimes be used all by itself just to form the injunctive mood? I suppose actually only Fhermáta and Puey would know, the rest of you Nightmare wihts would not know that of course, but still it’s good to know. When we come to the mediopassive voice the best way to express the injunctive mood is with the phrase qìr xhmé. Now when we use the Ensuring Construction we fall upon the same strategy, rather than using the suffixes +khrúju qìr xhmé or xhmuju or –ampei one uses either qìr xhmé or +suju. Also one may use the construction with an ergative subject but not in a non-volitional way.
Khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus qìr xhmé Fhermáta!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus qìr xhmé Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur qìr xhmé khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Fhermáta intends to cause Puîyus to kiss the princess!
Fhermáta intends to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Khniêr suju’ ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus Fhermáta!
Khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Fhermáta does not intend to cause Puîyus to kiss the princess!
Fhermáta does not intend to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus qìr xhmé Fhermátayan!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus qìr xhmé Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur qìr xhmé khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Fhermáta shall cause Puîyus to kiss the princess!
Fhermáta shall ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Khniêr suju’ ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus Fhermátayan!
Khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Fhermáta shall not intend to cause Puîyus to kiss the princess!
Fhermáta shall not intend to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus qìr xhmé tó!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus qìr xhmé tóyetwur!
Tóyetwur qìr xhmé khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Khniêr ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus qìr xhmé taê tó!
Khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus qìr xhmé taê tóyetwur!
Taê tóyetwur qìr xhmé khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May you intend to cause Puîyus to kiss the princess!
May you intend to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Khniêr suju’ ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus tó!
Khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus tóyetwur!
Tóyetwur khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus!
Khniêr suju’ ur stélàrejikh qoe Puîyus taê tó!
Khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus taê tóyetwur!
Taê tóyetwur khniêr suju stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May you not intend to cause Puîyus to kiss the princess!
May you not intend to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermáta!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur qìr xhmé tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta intends to make Puey paint his book!
Fhermáta intends to ensure that Puey paint his book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju’ ur teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermáta!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur tnarjhwèkhmat suju teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta does not intend to make Puey paint his book!
Fhermáta does not intend to ensure that Puey paint his book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermátayan!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur qìr xhmé tnarjhwèkhmatt teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta shall make Puey paint his book!
Fhermáta shall intend to ensure that Puey paint his book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju’ ur teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermátayan!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur tnarjhwèkhmat suju teiqhafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta shall not make Puey paint his book!
Fhermáta shall not ensure that Puey paint his book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermáta!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur qìr xhmé tnarjhwèkhmatt jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta intends to make Puey paint her book!
Fhermáta intends to ensure that Puey paint her book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju’ ur jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermáta!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur tnarjhwèkhmat suju jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta does not intend to make Puey paint her book!
Fhermáta does not intend to ensure that Puey paint her book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat ur jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermátayan!
Tnarjhwèkhmatt jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye qìr xhmé Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur qìr xhmé tnarjhwèkhmatt jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta shall make Puey paint her book!
Fhermáta shall intend to ensure that Puey paint her book!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju’ ur jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh qoe Puîye Fhermátayan!
Tnarjhwèkhmat suju jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur tnarjhwèkhmat suju jhanwafhairotuyàxhmikh Puîye!
Fhermáta shall not make Puey paint her book!
Fhermáta shall not ensure that Puey paint her book!
Xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra qìr xhmé Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur qìr xhmé xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra!
Fhermáta intends to cause the regent kings to build many castles!
Fhermáta intends to ensure that the regent kings to build many castles!
Xhajhyalwánol suju yukhyaot qúra Fhermátayètwur!
Fhermátayètwur xhajhyalwánol suju yukhyaot qúra!
Fhermáta does not intend to cause the regent kings to build many castles!
Fhermáta does not intend to ensure that the regent kings to build many castles!
Xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra qìr xhmé Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur qìr xhmé xhajhyalwánolùkhyaot qúra!
Fhermáta shall cause the regent kings to build many castles!
Fhermáta shall ensure that the regent kings to build many castles!
Xhajhyalwánol suju yukhyaot qúra Fhermátayanètwur!
Fhermátayanètwur xhajhyalwánol suju yukhyaot qúra!
Fhermáta shall not intend to cause the regent kings to build many castles!
Fhermáta shall not intend to ensure that the regent kings to build many castles!
Xhlár ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyus!
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusètwur!
Puiyusètwur qìr xhmé xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
Puîyus intends to make Fhermáta eat his books!
Puîyus intends to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books!
Xhlár suju’ ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyus!
Xhlár suju’ úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusètwur!
Puiyusètwur xhlár suju’ úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
Puîyus does not intend to make Fhermáta eat his books!
Puîyus does not intend to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books!
Xhlár ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyusan!
Xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusanètwur!
Puiyusanètwur qìr xhmé xhlár úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
Puîyus shall make Fhermáta eat his books!
Puîyus shall ensure that Fhermáta eat his books!
Xhlár suju’ ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyusan!
Xhlár suju’ úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusanètwur!
Puiyusanètwur xhlár suju’ úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
Puîyus shall not make Fhermáta eat his books!
Puîyus shall not ensure that Fhermáta eat his books!
Khníjur ur xhmir qíriniîle qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyus!
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusètwur!
Puiyusètwur qìr xhmé khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
Puîyus intends to make Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens!
Puîyus intends to ensure that Fhermáta sing before the queens!
Khníjur suju’ ur xhmir qíriniîle qoe Fhermáta Puîyus!
Khníjur suju xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusètwur!
Puiyusètwur khníjur suju xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
Puîyus does not intend to make Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens!
Puîyus does not intend to ensure that Fhermáta sing before the queens!
Khníjur ur xhmir qíriniîle qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyusan!
Khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusanètwur!
Puiyusanètwur qìr xhmé khníjur xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
Puîyus shall make Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens!
Puîyus shall ensure that Fhermáta sing before the queens!
Khníjur suju’ ur xhmir qíriniîle qoe Fhermáta Puîyusan!
Khníjur suju xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusanètwur!
Puiyusanètwur khníjur suju xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
Puîyus shall not make Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens!
Puîyus shall not ensure that Fhermáta sing before the queens!
Qìr pé’ áxha’ ur qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyus!
Qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusètwur!
Puiyusètwur qìr xhmé péyaloi’ áxha Fhermáta!
Puîyus intends to make Fhermáta red now!
Puîyus intends to ensure that Fhermáta is red now!
You will notice in the above that I changed qìr pé unto péyaloi since Babel tends to dislike having the same form of the locative case next to each other, but rather likes chiasmus and parallelism in accordance with xhmìqhito xhiqhilayùtya the stacks of cases.
Qìr pé’ áxha suju’ ur qoe Fhermáta Puîyus!
Qìr pé’ áxha suju Fhermáta Puiyusètwur!
Puiyusètwur qir pé’ áxha suju Fhermáta!
Puîyus does not intend to make Fhermáta red now!
Puîyus does not intend to ensure that Fhermáta is red now!
Qìr pé’ áxha’ ur qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyusan!
Qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusanètwur!
Puiyusanètwur qìr xhmé péyaloi’ áxha Fhermáta!
Puîyus shall make Fhermáta red now!
Puîyus shall ensure that Fhermáta is red now!
Qìr pé’ áxha suju’ ur qoe Fhermáta Puîyusan!
Qìr pé’ áxha suju Fhermáta Puiyusanètwur!
Puiyusanètwur qir pé’ áxha suju Fhermáta!
Fhermáta shall not make Fhermáta red now!
Fhermáta shall not ensure that Fhermáta is red now!
The Ensuring Construction is not so difficult now, is it? Like so many other cruces in Babel Grammar it is really just a matter of being able to identify the cases and understand why one case is used and not another and then to decline the affixes upon the correct case in the correct order. Plus we have the benefit of having the innate of of knowing just when something sounds right. It is true that oftentimes there are more then one correct way to say something, and sometimes several elegant ways among all of the correct ones, but more often than not the wrong form is quite simply the one that makes no sense at all.
While we are continueing our discussion of the level six modal suffixes, I think we should just explore the use of modals with the Ensuring Construction. It very much is just a matter of adding the modal suffixes unto the predicate, but I think we should be as complete as possible, for after all this will become leaves of The Compleate Babel Grammar and Lexicon. Even though the suffixes -etwur, -etwúreu and +ur are considered level six suffixes, they come after the modal suffixes but, say, before the level seven modal suffixes. And so one hears:
Jakhtaqtayàjhwor Puîyus.
Puîyus wants to be a warrior.
Jakhtaqtayajhworòxhrie Puîyus.
Puîyus wants to go towards the warriors.
But the Ensuring Suffixes still come between the level six modal suffix and the level seven verbal suffix as in the following.
Jakhqtaqtayàjhwor ur oxhrie qoe Puîyus Fhermáta.
Fhermáta causes Puîyus to want to go towards the warriors.
Thus I like to think of the affixes -etwur, -etwúreu and +ur as really being level six and one half suffixes. But let us continue with some examples on how to use modal suffixes with the Ensuring Construction.
Khosyeinàjhwor ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye jaiJhàsqewa.
Honored Raven wants to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Khosyeinàlkhut jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayètwur.
Honored Raven refuses to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
JaiJhasqewayètwur khosyeinàpries jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye.
Honored Raven knows how to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Xhláràpyaikh ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Puîyus schemes to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books.
Xhláràqluir úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta Puiyusètwur.
Puîyus ought to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books.
Puiyusètwur xhláràthwar úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta.
Puîyus must ensure that Fhermáta eat his books.
Khníjuràtwot ur xhmir qíriniîle qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Puîyus is afraid to ensure that Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens.
Khníjuràtyor xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusètwur.
Puîyus hopes to ensure that Fhermáta sings before the viceroy queens.
Puiyusètwur khníjùreqhukh xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta.
Puîyus considers ensuring Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens.
Qìr pé’ áxhayèmfher ur qoe Fhermáta Puîyus.
Puîyus almost ensures that Fhermáta is now red.
Qìr pé’ áxhayèpleis Fhermáta Puiyusètwur.
Puîyus begins to ensure that Fhermáta is now red.
Puiyusètwur qìr pé’ áxhayèpyis Fhermáta.
Puîyus prefers to ensure that Fhermáta is now red.
Lwaurèqras ur tlhir Puîye Fhermáta.
Fhermáta may ensure that Puey is homesick.
Lwauriîmpi tlhir Puîye Fhermátayètwur.
Fhermáta is on the point of ensuring that Puey is homesick.
Fhermátayètwur lwauròfhyor tlhir Puîye.
Fhermáta ends ensuring that Puey is homesick.
Khnieròpwar stélàrejikh Puîyus Fhermátayetwúreu!
May Fhermáta try to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Fhermátayetwúreu khnieròqriir stélàrejikh Puîyus!
May Fhermáta be supposed to ensure that Puîyus kiss the princess!
Khníjuròqyus xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta Puiyusetwúreu!
May Puîyus resemble one ensuring that Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens!
Puiyusetwúreu khníjuròtros xhmir qíriniîle Fhermáta!
May Puîyus dislike ensuring that Fhermáta sing before the viceroy queens!
Xhláròtwes ur úqei kóqi xhroe qoe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puîyusan!
Puîyus ought not to ensure that Fhermáta eat her books on purpose!
Xhláròtyus úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta qìr xhmé Puiyusanètwur!
Puîyus will be prepared to ensure that Fhermáta eat her books!
Puiyusanètwur qìr xhmé xhlárùpwur úqei kóqi xhroe Fhermáta!
Puîyus shall feign to ensure that Fhermáta eat his books!
Khosyeinùqror ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé jaiJhasqèwayan!
Honored Raven shall be allowed to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips!
Khosyeinùthyar ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé jaiJhasqèwayan!
Honored Raven shall be inclined to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips!
If we may digress for a moment
We all know that the Starflower never digresses!
Who’s saying that? Éfhelìnye, did you hear that?
I’m sure it’s nothing.
Princess, I shall not brook any insult unto your personage. Which among you chanted that? Spirits? Sylphs? Nightmares? Et cetera? Who’s insulting the Princess?
Fhérma, I’m going to go back to the Ensuring Construction. One of the most fascinating qualities of the Enusring Construction is just how ubiquitous it is and how we need it for everyday conversation.
Boring!
Éfhelìnye! Someone is insulting you!
I don’t mind. Now with the Ensuring Construction
Talk about the nymphs! Less grammar, more nymphs!
Who could be saying that? Princess, I will not
Oh Fhermáta, it doesn’t bother me. I think growing up with Puey and the Sweqhàngqu Sisters is ensuring that I grow quite used to all sorts of distractions. Hmm, I just used the construction again.
Pát! Pát! Pát! Boo boo boo!
That’s it. It may not bother you, my beloved Sister, but I won’t have
I’m just going to write on the blackboard. Oh Nightmares and Sylphs and Monsters and Elementals, I find that one very interesting distinction of the Ensuring Construction is just how prevalent it is without our being consciously aware of it. I think that is the reason why the Wise have ignored the this Construction and not even seen it as a Construction but rather as a form of Modality when it clearly is not. But even though one may say this valence-raising construction is inherently irregular, especially in the way that it involves having two predicate experiencers and a subject which then may inflect for volitionality and which may be inflected, I do nt think it is too strange from anything we’ve met before.
If we think about the vocabulary we have for Babel we keep on finding the Ensuring Construction. For instance we have a perfectly normal participle tlhèrekhe, tlhekhelínge those who are forgotten, and it works just like any other participle.
Tlherekhelínge Puîye.
Puey is forgotten.
Tlhèrekhe qé.
The persons are forgotten.
And yet a very common way to express forgetting someone or something is just to use the participle with the Ensuring Construction.
Tlherekhelínge’ ur qoe Puîye pú.
I forget Puey.
Tlhèrekhe qé stélarètwuring.
The princess forgets the persons.
In everyday conversation we are barely even aware that tlherekhelínge ur X Y is a construction meaning Y forgets X. We just think of it as if we were using a participle such as tsùpum those who forget someone or something.
Tsùpum Puiyèyejikh pú.
I forget Puey.
Tsùpum qé xhroe stélaring.
The princess forgets the persons.
And yet tsùpum takes an object, in the above examples in the construct case. Semantically using a participle such as tlhèrekhe, tlherekhelínge and tsùpum are very similar, but the causative of tlhèrekhe, tlherekhelínge behaves very differently syntactically. One ends up with an interior object as a predicat experiencer and the ability to shift the agent.
Tlherekhelínge Puîye púyetwur.
Púyetwur tlherekhelínge Puîye.
I forget Puey.
Tlhèrekhe ur qoe qé stélaring.
Stélarètwuring tlhèrekhe qé.
The princess forgets the persons.
One especially prevalent usages for the Ensuring Construction involves participles involving floating or being sailed. For instance we have the participle fhlòfhu those who float, are sailed and one often finds a participle of that like in terms of a ship.
Fhlòfhu talqantànthe.
The cruiser floats.
The cruiser is sailed.
Fhlòfhu’ ur qoe talqantànthe pú.
Fhlòfhy talqantànthe púyetwur.
Púyetwur fhlòfhu talqantànthe.
I cause the cruiser to float.
I sail the cruiser.
At a later time shall give a complete list of some of the most common participles which one finds in the Ensuring Construction. Semantically they tend to be similar to some of the usages of the Passive Voice, so I think I shall save it for that time.
Sometimes one uses the level six suffix +ur without using the level four affix +qoe. In this situation there is an omitted predicate experiencer which is best translated as a vague object someone or something. This is an example of the babel antipassive voice, wherein the object itself is demoted.
Xhlár ur Puîyus.
Puîyus made somewhom eat.
Puîyus ensured that someone eat.
Khníjur khníjur ur Puîyus.
Puîyus made somewhom keep singing.
Puîyus ensured that someone kept singing.
Qìr xhré tnarjhwèkhmat ur Fhermátayèpyer tlhìkhpen ur xú.
Fhermáta made somewhom painting somewhat some color, ond shee made somewhom put somewhat somewhither.
The biggest difficulty which Grammarians have had with the Ensuring Construction is that it cannot be used in relative clauses, and there is no way to make it work grammatically. Nor should there be, the rest of us are quite content to leave the construction as it is.
This is perhaps best illustrated if we just try to work through the examples.
Jaê jhpaipasàraxim púxhli ke se sas khòsyein ur kexhexhrejor qoe Puîye jaiJhàsqewa.
I see the ballerina princess as soon as honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss her on her lips.
Jaê jhpaipasàraxim púxhli keqoas khòsyein kexhexhrejor Puîye jaiJhasqewayètwur.
I see the ballerina princess while honored Raven causes Puey to kiss her on the lips.
Jaê jhpaipasàraxim púxhli keyaloisas jaiJhasqewayètwur khòsyein kexhexhrejor Puîye.
I see the ballerina princess as soon as honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss her on the lips.
Jaê Puîye púxhli qìr pé’ áxha’ ur qoe Fhermáta kúyalwos.
I see Puey, if he makes Fhermáta be now red.
Jaê Puîye púxhli kú tyoe yetwur qìr pé’ áxha Fhermáta.
I see Puey unless he now causes Fhermáta to be red.
Jaê Puîye púxhli Puiyusètwur qìr pé’ áxha Fhermátayàlwos.
I see Puey if he ensures that Fhermáta is now red.
Jaêyejet stélarùpwar púxhli khniêr ur ejet kexhexhrejor qoe Puîyus qìr xhmé Fhermáta.
Jaêyejet stélarùpwar púxhli khniêr kexhexhrejor Puîyus qìr xhmé Fhermátayètwur.
Jaêyejet stélarùpwar púxhli Fhermátayètwur qìr xhmé khniêr kexhexhrejor Puîyus.
I see the princess because Fhermáta intends to cause Puîyus to kiss her.
Jaêyejet Fhermáta púxhliyepyer lwaûr ur tlhir Puîye kexhing.
I see Fhermáta, and she causes homesickens Puey.
Jaêyejet Fhermáta púxhliyaiqhor lwaûr tlhir Puîye kexheyetwur.
I both see Fhermáta, and she ensures that Puey is homesick.
Jaêyejet Fhermáta púxhli kexheyetwur lwaûr tlhir Puîye fheil.
Either I see Fhermáta or she causes Puey to be homesick.
Does’t this remind you of another construction we have met before?
NO! BOO!
I should.
GET OUT OF THE CWM! WE WANT ENTERTAINMENT!
This should be reminding you of the Habeo Construction.
Boo!
The main difference is that one may use the Habeo Construction with a relative clause. One says
Jaê Fhermáta kuqoas xhajhyayóqla púxhli.
I see Fhermáta who has many flowers.
Jaê Fhermáta qéyaswaorapònya óqlaxul púxhli.
I see Fhermáta who it seems has many flowers.
But one cannot do that with the Ensuring Construction. The Ensuring Construction always forms its own independent clause. Let’s come up with an entirely new example to illustrate this rather than one we’ve learned before, but suffice it to say that the way one can link together the Ensuring Construction with another clause would be with a form of the relative pronoun kes such as ke se sas and keqoas and keyaloisas and keyatsersas and keyexhyeusas which all mean when or as soon as or one could use the conditional affixes –alwos and +tyoe or the level six suffix –ejet or a conjunction such as eiqhor+ and xhnoet which mean and, also, eke, then, but, it happened that, however, natheless and es+ and, also, eke, until and kho+ so, then, thus and –aiqhor and, also, eke, too, only, even, both … and and +xhnoe which means the same and also until, so and +aqhus and and –epyer and +xhnoike and, both … and, but +fheil or, either … or.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú ke se sass sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú keqoass sepási’ xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú keyaloisas khyeqhiirètwur sepási’ xhamarnafhinùtya qé.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú keyatsersass sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú keyexhyeusass sepási’ xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur.
I think about the sky pirates when the dragons cause them to be hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates as soon as the dragons make them hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates when the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepásiyàlwos ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepásiyàlwos xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú khyeqhiirètwur sepásiyàlwos xhamarnafhinùtya qé.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyeqhiiràlwos.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási’ xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiiretwuràlwos.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú khyeqhiirètwuràlwos sepási’ xhamarnafhinùtya qé.
I think about the sky pirates if the dragons cause them to be hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates if the dragons make them hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates if the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási tyoe’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási tyoe xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú khyeqhiirètwur sepási tyoe xhamarnafhinùtya qé
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir tyoe
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur tyoe
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú khyeqhiirètwur tyoe sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé
I think about the sky pirates if dragons do not cause them to be hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates if the dragons do not make them hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates if the dragons do not ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates unless the dragons cause them to be hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates unless the dragons make them hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates unless the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepásìyejet ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepásìyejet xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú khyeqhiirètwur sepásìyejet xhamarnafhinùtya qé
I think about the sky pirates because the dragons cause them to be hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates since the dragons make them hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates because the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú eiqhorsepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú xhnoet sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur.
I think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, and also the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, then dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, but the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, and it happened that the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, however the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, nonetheless the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú es khyeqhiirètwur sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé.
I think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, and also the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, until the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú kho sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir.
I think about the sky pirates, so the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, then the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, thus the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh púyaiqhor sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur
I think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, and also the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I both think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates until the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, so the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú xhnoe khyeqhiirètwur sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé
I think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, and also the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I both think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú’ aqhuss sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir
I think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh púyepyer sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú xhnoike khyeqhiirètwur sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé
I think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I both think about the sky pirates, and the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
I think about the sky pirates, but also the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási’ ur fheil xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé khyeqhiirètwur fheil
Thòthoas fheil khmewàyejikh pú khyeqhiirètwur sepási xhamarnafhinùtya qé
Thòthoas khmewàyejikh pú fheil sepási’ ur xhamarnafhinùtya qoe qé khyèqhiir
I think about the sky pirates, or the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
Either I think about the sky pirates, or the dragons ensure that they are hyper on some pink lemonade.
It is very important to remember that the Ensuring Construction has the same limitations on forming clauses as the Habeo Construction does, save that the Causative cannot be used for relative clauses. And yes, just like limitations upon the usages of Habeo Construction, we actually have true steadfast rule of grammar here. And how interesting is that!
BORING! Eiya, Neiceling! I have a new word for you! Jhùkhlo, jhujhùkhlo, it means those who heckle someone or something!
My Lord Raven, is that you?
Uh-oh. Ur … and who is this beautiful and charming Raven of whom you speak?
Are you wearing a false mustachio?
Ah … no.
In honor of learning so much about the Ensuring Construction and paying attention thus far, I think we should conclude by exploring a single sentence in this construction in terms of mood, voice, telicity, and volitionality. Of course when we get to some voices we will not be able to express telicity with a partitive genitive object, but rather as a construction using qlús and followed by a partitive genitive, and moreover the mediopassive voice is only found in relative clauses, so for that part of the table I shall just completely rephrase the sentence.
BORING!
Raven! I know you’re in there!
Beautiful Raven? Who keeps talking about me? About him? About this wonderous wonderful person whoever he may be. I’ve heard he’s just about perfect in everything. Did I say just about? I am altogether completely plusquam perfectissimus!
And in honor of Uncle Raven, I shall use the participle qhìswu heavenly naiads for our example.
Finally, grammar gets interesting.
Telick Clauses
Atelick Clauses
Comment Mood Active Voice
Jhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qhìswuxing xotóla.
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensured that Puey hug the princess.
Jhkhàthwot ur stélarètyikh qoe Puîye qhìswuxing xotóla.
Jhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naid ensured that Puey hug some princesses.
Comment Mood Middle Voice
Sixejhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qhìswuxing xotóla.
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensured that Puey hug the princess for his benefit.
Sixejhkhàthwot ur stélarètyikh qoe Puîye qhìswuxing xotóla.
Sixejhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naid ensured that Puey hug some princeses for his benefit.
Comment Mood Passive Voice
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that the princess is hugged by Puey.
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe qlús stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe qlús stélarètyikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that some princesses are hugged by Puey.
Comment Mood Antipassive Voice
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hugs some princess or other.
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qlús kae stélarètyikh qoe Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qlús kae stélarètyikh qoe Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hugs some princesses or other.
Comment Mood Quasi-Mediopassive Voice
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexhexhrejor qoe Puîye qhìswuxing xotóla.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye.
I see the princess, and the heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hugs her.
Jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexheyetyikh qoe Puîye qhìswuxing xotóla.
Jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexheyetyikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla.
Jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot kexheyetyikh Puîye.
I see the princesses, and the heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hugs some of them.
Irrealis Mood Active Voice
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
May the heavenly naiad ensure that Puey hug the princess!
Jhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla jhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye!
May the heavenly naiad ensure that Puey hug some princesses!
Irrealis Mood Middle Voice
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hug the princess for his own benefit!
Sixejhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyetwúreu xotóla sixejhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hug some of the princesses for his own benefit!
Irrealis Mood Passive Voice
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyetwúreûxing xotóla!
Xhnípeu’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensure that the princess be hugged by Puey!
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe qlús stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyetwúreûxing xotóla!
Xhnípeu’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe qlús stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensure that some princesses be hugged by Puey!
Irrealis Mood Antipassive Voice
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae Puîye qhiswuyetwúreûxing xotóla!
Qhiswuyetwúreûxing xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae Puîye!
The heavenly naiad ensured that Puey hug some princess or other.
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qlús kae stélarètyikh Puîye qhiswuyetwúreûxing xotóla!
Qhiswuyetwúreûxing xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qlús kae stélarètyikh Puîye!
The heavenly naiad ensured that Puey hug some princesses or other
Irrealis Mood Quasi-Mediopassive Voice
Ás jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qhiswuyètwur xotóla!
Ás jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyètwur xotóla jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye!
May I see the princess, and the well-zoned naiad causes Puey to hug her!
Ás jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexheyetyikh Puîye qhiswuyètwur xotóla!
Ás jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer qhiswuyètwur xotóla jhkhàthwot kexheyetyikh Puîye!
May I see the princesses, and the well-zoned naiad causes Puey to hug some of them!
Injunctive Mood Active Voice
Jhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhìswuxing xotóla!
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
The well-zoned naiad intends to ensure that Puey hug the princess!
Jhkhàthwot ur stélarètyikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhìswuxing xotóla!
Jhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye!
The well-zoned naiad intends to ensure that Puey hug some of the princesses!
Injunctive Mood Middle Voice
Sixejhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhìswuxing xotóla!
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
The well-zoned naiad intends to ensure that Puey hugs the princess for his own benefit!
Sixejhkhàthwot ur stélarètyikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhìswuxing xotóla!
Sixejhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot stélarètyikh Puîye!
The well-zoned naiad intends to ensure that Puey hug some of the princesses for his own benefit!
Injunctive Mood Passive Voice
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad intend to ensure that the princess be hugged by Puey!
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe qlús stélarètyikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe qlús stélarètyikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad intend to ensure that some princesses be hugged by Puey!
Injunctive Mood Antipassive Voice
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad intend to ensure that Puey hug some princess or other!
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qlús kae stélarètyikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Qhiswuyètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qlús kae stélarètyikh qoe Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad intend to ensure that Puey huge some princesses or other!
Injunctive Mood Quasi-Mediopassive Voice
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexhexhrejor qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhìswuxing xotóla!
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye!
I see the princess, and the well-zoned naiad intends to ensure that Puey hugs her!
Jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexheyetyikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhìswuxing xotóla!
Jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexheyetyikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyètwuring xotóla!
Jaê stélaròjhwa púxhlipyer qhiswuyètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé jhkhàthwot kexheyetyikh Puîye!
I see the princesses, and the well-zoned naiad intends to ensure that Puey hugs some of them!
Volitional Clause
Non-volitional Clause
Comment Mood Active Voice
Jhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qhiswùyaning xotóla.
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hug the princess on purpose.
Jhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla.
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyepakhètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyepakhètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad chanced to ensure that Puey hug the princess.
Comment Mood Middle Voice
Sixejhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qhiswùyaning xotóla.
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hug the princess for his own benefit and on purpose.
Sixejhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla.
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyepakhètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyepakhètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly naiad chances to ensure that Puey hug the princess for his own benefit.
Comment Mood Passive Voice
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly nymph ensuress that the princess is hugged by Puey on purpose.
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla.
Qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly nymph chances to ensure that the princess is hugged by Puey.
Comment Mood Antipassive Voice
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla.
Qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly nymph ensures that Puey hugs some princess or other on purpose.
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla.
Qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye.
The well-zoned heavenly nymph chances to ensure that Puey hug some princess or other.
Comment Mood Quasi-Mediopassive Voice
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexhexhrejor qoe Puîye qhiswùyaning xotóla.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye.
I see the princess, and the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hug her on purpose.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexhexhrejor qoe Puîye qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qhiswuyepakhètwuring xotóla.
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyepakhètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye.
I see the princess, and the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensures that Puey hug her by accident.
Irrealis Mood Active Voice
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyanetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyanetwúreu xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensure that Puey hug the princess on purpose!
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyepakhetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyepakhetwúreu xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensure that Puey hug the princess by accident!
Irrealis Mood Middle Voice
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyanetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyanetwúreu xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensure that Puey hug the princess for his own benefit and on purpose!
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qhiswuyepakhetwúreu xotóla!
Qhiswuyepakhetwúreu xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad chance to ensure that Puey hug the princess for his own benefit!
Irrealis Mood Passive Voice
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyanetwúreûxing xotóla!
Xhnípeu’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla!
May the well-zoned naiad ensure that the princess is hugged by Puey on purpose!
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyepakhetwúreûxing xotóla!
Xhnípeu’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qhiswuyepakhnètwuring xotóla!
May the well-zoned naiad chance to ensure that the princess is hugged by Puey!
Irrealis Mood Antipassive Voice
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae Puîye qhiswuyanetwúreûxing xotóla!
Qhiswuyanetwúreûxing xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad ensure that Puey hug some princess or other on purpose!
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae Puîye qhiswuyepakhetwúreûxing xotóla!
Qhiswuyepakhnetwúreûxing xotóla jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae Puîye!
May the well-zoned heavenly naiad chance to ensure that Puey hug some princess or other!
Irrealis Mood Mediopassive Voice
Ás jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qhiswùyaning xotóla!
Ás jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswùyaning xotóla jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye!
May I see the princess, and the well-zoned heavenly nymph causes Puey to hug her on purpose!
Ás jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla!
Ás jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyèpakhing xotóla jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye!
May I see the princess, and the well-zoned heavenly nymph causes Puey to hug her by accident!
Injunctive Mood Active Voice
Jhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswùyaning xotóla!
Jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla!
Qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla jhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
The well-zoned heavenly naiad intends to ensure that Puey hug the princess on purpose!
Injunctive Mood Middle Voice
Sixejhkhàthwot ur tsenastélàrejikh qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswùyaning xotóla!
Sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla!
Qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla sixejhkhàthwot tsenastélàrejikh Puîye!
The well-zoned heavenly naiad intends to ensure that Puey hug the princess for his own benefit and on purpose!
Injunctive Mood Passive Voice
Xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla!
Qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé xhnípe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh qoe tsenastélar Puîye!
The well-zoned heavenly naiad intends to ensure that the princess is hugged by Puey on purpose!
Injunctive Mood Antipassive Voice
Jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla!
Qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé jáxe’ ur jhkhathwòtejikh tsenastélar kae qoe Puîye!
The well-zoned heavenly naiad intends to ensure that the Puey hug some princess or other on purpose!
Injunctive Mood Mediopassive Voice
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot ur kexhexhrejor qoe Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswùyaning xotóla!
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye qìr xhmé qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla!
Jaê stélarùpwar púxhlipyer qhiswuyanètwuring xotóla qìr xhmé jhkhàthwot kexhexhrejor Puîye!
I see the princess, and the well-zoned heavenly naiad intends to ensure that Puey hug her on purpose!
WELL THAT WAS A WASTE OF A DAY I COULDA BEEN CHASING NYMPHS AND NOT READING CHALKBOARD EXAMPLES OF THEM!
Uncle, please sit down please
I’m taking control of this. Out out out out out!
But Uncle I thought you would be pleased with the examples
Oh you’re just insane!
Pardon!
You have all this imagination and you flicker about and create massive linguistic structures in your head and this is what you do? Kisses kisses kisses kisses!
The examples involved hugging.
Couldn’t you have used an axe or something?
How?
I don’t know.
An axe in the example?
Or an axe against the rest of us. Or me for heckling you.
You’re not making any sense.
I can’t believe you made up Babel just to impress Puey.
I’m not trying to impress him.
To express your love for him? Same thing.
I think we’ve finished our discussion on the Elegant Construction.
Not quite. Have you thanked your Mother yet?
No. For what purpose?
She made Puey for you. Without him you’d be lost and crazier than you usually are.
She did not make Puey.
She helped arrange the marriage of his parents whats their names I can’t be bothered with details! I have a kingdom of nightmares to grind into the earth. I’m thinking of making everything into volcanoes.
I don’t see how this is connected to my Mother.
You don’t? A pity. She’s been looking after you for quite some time.
She was dead.
Well … that’s our way. She left your Father in charge.
My Father is insane.
Yes, that’s our way. Your mortals with your categories and names and philosophy, it can be so difficult to talk to you sometimes. You keep wanting answers, buty ou don’t even know the function of questions. Why does language even need an interrogative form? We could just have eternal aspectless irrealis demanding and ordering and wishing for ever and ever and ever and ever.
I don’t understand my Mother. What are you doing to my letters?
The letters are blossoming. I’m multiplying them into thousands, into tens of thousands. Reality itself has to shift and change. Have you e'er really thought about that, what reality is?
I think in mine own small way, creating language and lexifying all things recapitulates the ontology of Creation.
Now you’re beginning to talk like … hmm.
Like like whom?
Talk like us, one os us, an Immortal.
It’s the way I’ve always talked.
Sit down you little hybrid mongrel Star Princess. No, sit to my left. No, my right. I don’t care where you sit. Sit there, sit down. I’m going to tell you the true meaning of the …. What did you call it? The Causative Voice?
Ensuring Construction.
Khmàrke? quantum insurance?
Oh?
Such as the Ptètqiikh provide. Do you know how highly they priced my youngest Daughter, your Sister-Wife? Her hair is worth worlds.
Kàrula is not going to my co-wife.
So you plan Now, the Quantum Insurance Construction …
Ensuring Construction.
Why do you call it that?
Because it’s how we express ensuring that something happens.
You don’t want to cause it Causing or Causative or I’m an happy raising rising bouncing Valency thing?
I’m trying to reflect the way we talk. We say, Puey ensured that a guard was set, and Siêthiyal made sure that her toys were painting. We just don’t use the words cause too often, and force and let sound rather stilted.
Qyaînga pogo stilt shoon?
Are you e'er serious?
Hello, I’m My Heart Serious, who are you?
Now sit down. I’m going to tell you a story, a true story, a love story, a story story. Little neiceling, you don’t understand, all of mathmatics and logic are nothing but a great congame, a magic trick of misdirection. They distract you from the real, but I shall show you how the Causitive Thing reveals the true, the real.
Mine Heart Raven
Call me Uncle
Uncle Raven
Don’t interrupt your Elders. I know you’re the only Child of the Immortals, but don’t think that I’ll brook any misobedience from you or spare my wing! Now, where was I.
I have no idea.
It was the beginning. I remember. I was there. And because of it we are caught up in Tlhexetsopwekùthuwo The Shibboleth Wars of Heaven. No, I think I should say that louder, I want my words to bleed into the epistles you’re writing for … what’s your sweetheart’s name again?
Puey?
That’s a lass’ name. Or at least it sounds like a maid’s name.
Isn’t he supposed to be your Son?
Don’t talk. I’m opening up my wings. I’m remember. I say it again.
Tlhexetsopwekùthuwo
The Shibboleth War of Heaven
At the beginning of things we were all a single family, we who are of th Clan of Áme, just as we have become a single family now. We lifted up our voices. We had words, and the words became song, and the song became all the billion, billion universes of earth and sea and sky.
And then all of the billion ages of history came to pass.
The Immortals fell apart. Our family was no more. Language was falling apart. Words no longer meant what they were supposed to mean. We could no longer communitate. Prophecies had to be fulfilled. Our Sister was missing. Our Emperor was insane. And language itself was no more. And without language, there was nothing but Winter and Midnight eternal.
The Causitive Voice was part of the death of words. When we who are Immortal could no longer dance the same dance and dream the same dream and sing in the same voice, when Language failed us, we no longer could create.
You wonder, oh my neiceling, why it is that the suffix +ur is traditionally classified as a level six modal that always falls after its predicate. Why is it, one wonders, that the suffix +ur cannot thus be seen as a level one suffix? However, we think among ourselves, the reason must be very simple, for other suffixes, especially the level five aspect suffixes, can be used before it. So the mystery should be alittle one, right?
Let us think of the following.
Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe púyangpas Puîyus.
Puîyus caused me, an Immortal,for to kiß Þe rock.
Khnieròjhwat ur sqánamen xhroe qoe púyangpas Puîyus.
Puîyus caused me, an Immortal, for to kiss Þe rock many times.
Khnierùpwart ur sqánamen xhroe púyangpas pú Puîyus.
Puîyus caused me, an Immortal, for to kiß Þe rock once.
The participle or personal pronoun or relative pronoun that follows +qoe is considered in the predicate experiencer. Ah, my little neiceling, don’t forget that one can use relative pronouns with the Ensuring Construction. Ahem. Ahem! Nix nix!
Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe xhyus Puîyus?
Whom did Puîyus cause to kiss the rock?
Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe xhyeis Puîyus?
What did Puîyus cause to kiss the rock?
Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe pú xhyus?
Who causes me to kiss the rock?
Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe pú xhyeis?
What causes me to kiss the rock?
Khniêr ur xhyupejos qoe pú Puîyus?
Whom did Puîyus cause me to kiss?
Khniêr ur xhyeipejos qoe pú Puîyus?
What did Puîyus cause me to kiss?
And my little precious neiceling, I am a little surprised that in your rather exhaustificating discussion on the Ensuring Construction that you failed to mention that the construction, like using the and/or phraseology may continue for ever and e'er. One can just simply take a simple sentence in the Ensuring Construction and just keep adding another term ending in the –etwur suffix behind it.
So let’s take
Khòsyein ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye jaiJhàsqewa.
Honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
We can easily continue that by adding
Khòsyein ur jhpaipasaraxìmejikh qoe Puîye jaiJhàsqewa’ úlaxhéyuyètwur.
A tree causes honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Remember, we can only keep adding to the end. If we begin with:
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayètwur.
Honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
And keep adding terms they go at the end, so we say:
Khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye jaiJhasqewayètwur úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring.
A regent king makes the tree cause honored Raven to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
Even if the original sentence has a fronted agent such as:
JaiJhasqewayètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye.
Honored Raven ensures that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
We can only add more agents at the end and say:
JaiJhasqewayètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye’ úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur.
A bird accidently ensures that the regent king makes the tree cause honored Raven to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
And, yes indeed, we get to play around with volitionality all we wish, because language is just fun that way.
JaiJhasqewayètwur khòsyein jhpaipasaraxìmejikh Puîye’ úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur qlalaKhnoqwísiyanètwur.
Worshipful Khnoqwísi on purpose caused the bird accidently to ensure that that the regent king makes the tree cause honored Raven to ensure that Puey kiss the ballerina princess on the lips.
And this can be quite fun in the with those quasi-mediopassive participles.
Tlherekhelínge Puîye púyetwur
I forget Puey
Tlherekhelínge Puîye púyetwur úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur qlalaKhnoqwísiyanètwur.
Worshipful Khnoqwísi on purpose caused the bird accidently to ensure that that the regent king makes the tree cause me to forget Puey.
Fhlòfhu’ ur qoe talqantànthe pú.
I sail the cruiser
Fhlòfhu’ ur qoe talqantànthe pú’ úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur qlalaKhnoqwísiyanètwur.
Worshipful Khnoqwísi on purpose caused the bird accidently to ensure that that the regent king makes the tree cause me to sail the cruiser.
But the most fun of all is to keep fiddling with multiple agents upon a causative passive voice construction thing.
Xhnípe’ ur khosyeînejikh qoe jhpaipasàraxim Puîye.
The ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by Puey.
Xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim Puiyeyètwur úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur qlalaKhnoqwísiyanètwur.
Worshipful Khnoqwísi on purpose caused the bird accidently to ensure that that the regent king makes the tree cause the ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by Puey.
Puiyeyètwur xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur qlalaKhnoqwísiyanètwur jaiJhasqewayoqlengangpasiitiikhyètwur.
Loverly and immortal and crystalline honored Raven ensures that worshipful Khnoqwísi on purpose caused the bird accidently to ensure that that the regent king makes the tree cause the ballerina princess is kissed on her lips by Puey.
By my feathers, let’s just throw the whole thing into the injunctive mood and just enweird it all uply!
Puiyeyètwur xhnípe khosyeînejikh jhpaipasàraxim úlaxhéyuyètwur qúrayètwuring twailílayepakhètwur qlalaKhnoqwísiyanètwur qìr xhmé jaiJhasqewayaboqlengangpasiitiikhyètwur!
Loverly and immortal and crystalline honored Raven shall ensure that worshipful Khnoqwísi on purpose cause the bird accidently to ensure that that the regent king makes the tree cause the ballerina princess to be kissed on her lips by Puey!
Now, where was I?
Now at the beginning of all things, oh my child, at the first of glances, one may think that the ingeminate case should follow the particle qoe. After all, is not the ingemiante case used wiht something being acted upon, along with the subject, upon something else? An if the subject of the mediopassive voice, the subject of an imbedded relative clause is put into the ingeminate case, then verily verily the acted upon subject of a causative should be ingeminate, also? ‘Tis not so. Why? Why? Why we asked the night, the darkness, ourselves?
Why is the following ungrammatical?
Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe pú kae Puîyus.
Any questions? Comments? Don’t answer my little child. We must drift within the mediation of words. I am thunder, oh Princess, I am thunder and storm, Xhnàfhti am I called, The Lord of Storms. I rain down. I can be quite popular after a drought. The children of Khnìntha longed for me.
Have you visited long through the Undergloom? Some of the dreamlands of Death are actually very nice, if one likes dust and darkness. Some nice yurts though. Good word. Yurt. Feel free to use it. You probably invented that word, didn’t you? See the thing with the Undergloom is that it is cool and dry, like so many other immortal places. In some places the dust rains down, and then in others fire falls. I suppose the meteorology of the Immortals just doesn’t make a great deal of sense. Hmm. I don’t suppose I’ve consider that.
Beloved Lord, perhaps you’re rambling off …
I’ve always found heresy to be quite fascinating. All of those clockwork machines and wheels and oil. It’s so utterly counterproductive, the way they make things, and yet interesting to watch and smash. Do you remember the time I invented piracy? If your Mother and the rest of the Stars would have had their way Mortals would have just danced upon the horizon. Dance dance dance. How quaint. But then I fluttered up to someone and I whispered in his ear and chanted, You there! Don’t you just want to burn down that harbor? Smash open some living ships? And just go ahead and take all their sweeties! And so I made the mortal realms a better place. With piracy. Oh bless me.
Uncle?
Listen you waif, I’ve managed to go five minutes without chasing after the prettiest and closest nymph. See, the thing with nymphs is chase after the ones with fragile ankles, that way one can catch them!
Uncle.
Have we figured out why Khniêr ur sqánamen xhroe qoe pú kae Puîyus is malformed? No? And I thought you were a little genius. Don’t interrupt me! Don’t think I won’t seal your lips shut and wish your breath away. Now the reason for the ungrammaticaltude is quite simple, even for an awesome and perfect Dark Lord like myself. Consider the other usage of the affix qoe, that is to mark purpose clauses. Yes. Go ahead and consider. My words fly free through the air and grow upon the chalkboard.
Qoe peyàmpumat qhiefhukàxhmikh ptajhoyùtya pú qyèkhen okháxeiyòlkha pú.
In order to hide Þe grains of psand, I kill Þe birds.
Xhthènteqhe qir xhmoâ Khatlhàntikh xhroe Fhermáta qoe khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus.
Fhermáta goeth towards Khatlhàntikh in order for Puîyus to kiß Þe princess.
And the particle soe functions in the same manner.
Soe peyàmpumat qhiefhukàxhmikh ptajhoyùtya pú qyèkhen okháxeiyòlkha pú.
In order for mee not to hide Þe grains of psand, I kill Þe birds.
Xhthènteqhe qir xhmoâ Khatlhàntikh xhroe Fhermáta soe khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus.
Fhermáta goeth towards Khatlhàntikh lest Puîyus kiß Þe princess.
You will note that in the purposed examples above that both qoe and soe must be followed by a predicate experiencer, the heart and yoke and joint of a clause as you like to call it. Heart of a clause, I like that, it reminds me of me, my Heart Me. What am I saying now. Qoe always always always always takes a following predicate experiencer in purpose clauses, and we observe the very same pattern in the causative voice. You don’t like it to be called a voice, though. Causative clause. Yes.
Peyàmpumat ur qhiefhukàxhmikh ptajhoyùtya qoe Fhermáta pú.
I made Fhermáta hide grains of psand.
Child, what’s that upon the chalkboard?
Ah, the words are, Prince Jhwèsta used to boil and drink quicksilver all the time. After he went insane his ninjitsu automata would drag him back to Eilasaîyanor where he invented physics.
Oh yes, I remember when that happened. The crazy Imperial Mad Scientist. I suppose they all are. Why did I inspire him in the first place? It couldn’t just have been so he’d make nice sharp cutty objects and torture devices and fun ways to burn reality unto dust.
Uncle?
Are you really writing the grammar grimore? I’m sure later ages will ascribe it’s authorship to Karuláta.
And why is that?
Because she’s cute and has golden hair.
So she’ll be known as the Glossopoeist?
Ah, I see the point. You’ll be known as the great Onamaturge. Kàrula will always be the pretty one. But then again you’ll get blamed for all of the irregularities and difficulties of Language, but who’s going to blame her she’s too little and pretty.
It’s getting late, mine Uncle. Perhaps we should start thinking about … finding a reality where I can sleep. I don’t have any pajamas with me
Oh you can just sleep on the dirt. Now, the Shibboleth Wars of Heaven. Sorry, I need to be a bit more operatic, the Great Shibboleth Wars of Heaven came about when words started dying. We could no longer function without our precious words, so well-beloved.
We became the Lords of Sky and the Lords of Sea and the Lords of Earth. We had a new view, a secret, an heresy. It was part of the shame of our hearata. We thought in our pride that the affixes qoe and soe were level seven prefixes rather than level six suffixes. And so the fires of the Shibboleth Wars began.
I’m really not understanding this, Mine Heart Raven.
Just imagine. Think. What would happen if you took your grammatical notes and changed these particles? For the next few moments just dream this dream.
Qoe purpose (+ 7·p)
Soe negativë purpose, lest (+ 7·p)
Do you begin to see what shall come to pass? Change just a few hyles of language, change one meaning here, a whisp, a thought, a drop of light, and the core of language changes, its heart beats unto a differeing rhythm, and all of the universes must change about this shift in language.
You can feel it; I know you can. You have a Dragon Heart. Already the change comes. Do you feel sadness? Sorrow? Melancholy? Despair? It changes. All the realities rearrange themselves around me. YYou’ll have to forgive me, my child, I’ve actually stolen Puey’s idea, but since you don’t know what his idea is, I think I’ll just do my best to take credit for the marvels of Creation that shall come. Your wings tingle. They know the shift is coming. Swift and slow, hot and melancholy, exaulted and loud, the change sparkles within you.
Let us believe then the Heretics, the minority of Babel Grammarians who hypothesizes that the affixes qoe and soe were really level seven locative prefixes. Therefore, in that view, that analysis, that dream, one may conceive of the following examples of having three examples of the Locative Case beginning with the adposition qoe, that is qoe peyàmpumat and qoe khniêr and qoe Fhermáta.
Qoe peyàmpumat qhiefhukàxhmikh ptajhoyùtya pú qyèkhen okháxeiyòlkha pú.
In order to hide Þe grains of psand, I kill Þe birds.
Xhthènteqhe qir xhmoâ Khatlhàntikh xhroe Fhermáta qoe khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus.
Fhermáta goeth towards Khatlhàntikh in order for Puîyus to kiß Þe princess.
Peyàmpumat ur qhiefhukàxhmikh ptajhoyùtya qoe Fhermáta pú.
I ensure that Fhermáta hide the grains of sand.
Moreover, so say the Machine Heathenry, the adposition soe can be used like unto the first two examples:
Soe peyàmpumat qhiefhukàxhmikh ptajhoyùtya pú qyèkhen okháxeiyòlkha pú.
Lest I hide grains of psand, I kill Þe birds.
Xhthènteqhe qir xhmoâ Khatlhàntikh xhroe Fhermáta soe khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus.
Fhermáta wended towards Khatlhàntikh lest Puîyus kiß Þe princess.
Your wings quaver in hope and wanhope. Your thoughts are changing reality. Just by shifting language around, those terrible marches and spheres and bubbles of thought cause everything to change and despair. Your thoughts already race ahead of mine argument, oh my little genious Neiceling. This hypothetical is latching unto your souls. But you are different, mine Éfhelìnye. Immortals are pure light and energy. Mortals are flesh and soul. But you are both and neither, you are light and flesh and energy and soul. Your heart is racing. Do you dare let qoe and soe continue to be adpositions? And yet how easy it would be if it were so, you think.
Your thoughts are open unto me. The evidence that qoe and soe are really adpositions, so the Machine Paynims claim, so you begin to let yourself believe, can be found with the suffix -exhyeu. For the the suffix –exhyeu is clearly a level one locative suffix and can be used to mean in, at, on as well as to form purpose clauses. Many words which mean in, at, on moreover have a –q in it, such as the adposition qir for participles, the suffix –qi for personal pronouns, and the suffix –qoas for relative pronouns, it’s all a case of sound symbolism after all. Soe must surely be a negative form of qoe in the same awy that +suju is the negative form of xhmuju. I can see it in the flicker of your eyen. Already you imagine a chart, and your thoughts bleed upon the air, and the chart comes to betide.
And this is the chart in your mind.
Qir/qoe/soe
·exhyeu
Adposition
Thèker qir lwánol Puîyus.
Puîyus jumps about in Þe castles.
Thèker lwánolèxhyeu Puîyus.
Puîyus jumps about in Þe castles.
Purpose Clause
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú qoe khniêr stélàrejikh pú.
I wended to Þe castles for to kiß Þe princess.
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú khnierèxhyeu stélàrejikh pú.
I wended to Þe castles to kiß Þe princess.
Negativë Purpose Clause
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú soe khniêr stélàrejikh pú.
I wended to Þe castles lest I kiß Þe princess.
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú soe khniêr stélàrejikh pú.
I wended to Þe castles lest I kiß Þe princess.
The conclusion is inescapable. Qoe and Soe are not syntactic particples at all, but rather forms of the locative case.
Oh whatever shall we do?
I don’t know, my Lord Raven.
Call me Uncle.
I don’t know, Uncle.
The affrontery of it all, Khnoqwísi’s little waif calling me Uncle! Call me Lord.
Yes, milord.
I haven’t mentioned Nymphs for five moments now in this discussion, aren’t you proud of me?
Of course, milord.
Do you think Dreams count as their Culture? The Nightmares and Crystalline Dreams here do develop their own customs, their own ways et cet et cet. So anyway once I came to a few ferrie filled with sky pirates and they were all a rather respectable and sociable bunch, I remember one chap hight Euqliîna, a Fhlùltekh I believe, with the three eyen one on top of the other, and four arms, he was juggling some little birdchens if remember I right, he was quite a bright young scholar, and I decided it would be smashing fun to introduce him to some Blue Lotus and I think I ruined his mind. He was just so bright and charming. I ate his brain.
I know. But he’s actually better now. The priests are doing their best to burn all the Blue Lotus they can find.
What! How dare they!
They’re your priests!
But still … it sounds like something that Tópa and Khyànyii would do, my Sisters. They’re always trying to get rid of the tobacco weed and blue lotus and pink lemonade. They’re no fun at all. So anywhere there I was poisoning the pirates and we came to an harbor. I started to rearrange the towers and furniture and skies, and the Captain Euqliîna came waddling outwards and was burning the town, Fhèrkifher and Xhnófho were smashing through the mead benches. It was jolly good sport. I just don’t want you to think that all I do is work work work work work here as I govern my Nightmares of all Mortals. I do have fun occasionally. Fun fun fun ‘tis I I am. Why your Mother used to complain that I never took any time for myself, but I’m just so … what’s the word for hard working, serious?
Ergaphilick? It’s qwitlhìmaxúng.
I don’t like the sound of that word but that’s what I am, Jhàsqewa qwitlhìmaxúng Raven the Ergaphilick. Doesn’t that sound like a negative? No wonder it’s so goofy and bouncing about on my tounge.
It is a negative, it’s the opposite of qwìtlhim those who are lazy and stupid, lackadaisical; ergaphobes.
I’m sorry I asked.
It’s related of course to xhmaqwítlhim those who are diligent.
Forget I asked!
Actually now that I think about it, all of the Babel words for hard-working are opposites, that is, participles formed with the negative suffix just jammed upon them.
I stopped being interested several moments hence yhence whence zhthence
Wthejhùyaxúng, wthejhuîlaxúng mean those who are hard-working, serious, ergaphilicks, and it is of course the opposite of wthèjhu, wthèjhuil those who are lazy and stupid, indolent, silly, lackadaisical, ergaphobes. And then again we havee khaqrenyòyaxúng, khaqrenyoîmaxúng those who are hard-working, serious, ergaphilick which is derived from khaqrènyo, khaqrènyoim those who are idle, lazy and stupid, irresponsible, shiftless, silly, lackadaisical, ergaphobic.
Yawn! Oh! Princess Nieceling!
Yes, My Heart Raven?
Call me Uncle?
Yes, Uncle.
Don’t call me Uncle. So how many children do you think you’re going to have, and yes, I can’t believe I’m actually considering that the Clan of Áme may actually reproduce. Horrible thought indeed.
I would like to have many children.
Is whatshisface going to name them all after me?
No.
And why not?
Ah … I don’t think Puey will
I am after all Puîyos’ Totemic Plantimal, his fhùnyu! That’s a fun little word to mean. Fhùnyu totems, totemick plantimals.
I just don’t believe that Puey will.
I did bring you two together. Don’t I deserve a few to have my name smeared upon a few of them?
Oh?
Crown Prince Raven Raven Raven the first, that’s all I ask. And also, name all the girls Raven. It’s a wonderful name for a maid child.
I’m sure Puey will think about it.
That’s Princess for no isn’t it?
My Lord, Fhermáta is dozing off beside the tree. Perhaps we should think about finding us a place to sleep this even?
You’ve long enough to think and change the worlds through grammar. Are qoe and soe forms of the locative case or are they syntactic particles? This will command how you view the Ensuring Construction as well as all the rest of reality.
My Lord, there are four main problems with the theory that qoe and soe are some strange and errant form of the locative case cast adrift upon sea of causality and morphosyntax, and I shall endeaver to list these four qualms in the order they have come unto me.
I find it quite interesting, my little nieceling, that you actually talk as you write, with all these and so forth and I endeavor and I love Puey and all the rest.
The first problem is that the affix qoe is most certainly not used to mean in, at, on as the locative suffix –exhyeu is. Although qoe may be related to the adposition qir in terms of sound symbolism, it does not have all of the same functions that qir has. In Babel we have a great host of forms and affixes and constructions which can describe something in differing ways with subtle connotational shifts. What is the different between qiêlaloi on the hills and qielèxhyeu at the hills? Sometimes they can be the same, othertimes not. It is true that both qoe peyumàmpumat and peyumpumatèxhyeu can mean in order that one hide someone or something, but there is a slight difference in meaning. I would say the first also means for the purpose of hiding someone or something while the second means for the hiding of someone or something or of course in, at, on one who hides someone or something. So qoe and –exhyeu may be similar, but similarity in Babel does not cause an affix to bounce from case to case.
Interesting. Fascinating. Gorgeous. Do you see that Sylph? Oh, and your argument is okay too.
Secondarly, my Lord, no other form of the Locative Case hath its own negative form comparable to soe. When one comes across some fun suppletive negative form, such as the khnena- prefixes for pronominal supplementation, it does not change the basic function of the cases. One function of Babel which does have a suppletive form, however, would be the level one syntactic particle xhmuju and khrúju qìr xhmé and the level five suffix –ampei all of which are negative by the suffix +suju. Here we have an example of the negative of the Injunctive Mood, which follows its own customs. In a similar fashion we may mention that the hypothetical suffix –alwos is negated by tyoe. When we find some sort of function with a suppletive negative, we are dealing not with cases but with a mood or construction of some sort.
It looks like her hair is a cascade of feathers and water, don’t you think? Oh. And you were saying?
Thirdly, the affixes qoe and soe do not act like the Locative Case in terms of function. I shall try to think of an example. Ah. I could add a focus particle unto a form of the locative case and say
Khniêr qir qielingùjhwu pú.
I kiss someone upon the hills indeed.
But it may sound a little awkward to say:
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú qoe khnieràxhwa stélarètyikh pú.
I go to the castles in order in sooth to kiss some of the princess.
Well, that’s grammatical, but hardly elegant. But inelegance is not a sign of bad grammar. I’d better meand this argument. Oh, it’s quite simple. Qoe and soe cannot be part of the locative case because one can negative the locative case. I can say:
Khniêr qir qielìngaxúng pú.
I kiss someone but not upon the hill.
But I can’t say:
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú qoe khnieraxúng stélarètyikh pú.
I go to the castles in order not to do no kissing of some of the princesses.
We already have a negative form for qoe. Think of how bad this sounds.
Xhthènteqhe xhmir lwánol pú soe khnieraxúng stélarètyikh pú.
I go to the castles in order ain’t to not do no kissing none of some of the princesses.
That just makes my wings grind together in frustration. So we have three good arguments so far that qoe and soe cannot be in the locative case.
So, nymphling, do you visit the Otherworld often? I am Lord and Master of all that I … are you still here? How did I get stuck with caring for an infant Immortallette?
You princessnapped me.
That sure sounds like something I would do. Well, go on with whatever you were saying. I’m sure it’s worthwild of the beneficence of Our Heart Raven.
And forthly the affixes qoe and soe do not behave like the Locative Case in terms of placement within a clause, and the placement and motility of cases is one way that we can distinguish them one from another. The Locative Case may precede the Predicate Experiencer, they may come after the Object, whether in the Construct or Absolutive or Partitive Genitive Form of the Locative Case, and if the Object is modified by the Ingeminate Case the Locative Case may rest there, and come before or after the Subject Experiencer. And so one must consider the following:
Qir lwánol thèker Puîyus.
In Þe castle Puîyus jumps about.
Thèker qir lwánol Puîyus.
Thèker Puîyus qir lwánol.
Puîyus jumps about in Þe castle.
But one may not say:
Qoe khniêr stélàrejikh thèker Puîyus.
Thèker qoe khniêr stélàrejikh Puîyus.
Thèker Puîyus qoe khniêr stélàrejikh.
The above are nonsense of the lowest sort, because some species of nonsense at least make some humorous sense, but the above don’t mean anything at all. They have bits of purpose or causality within them, but what do they mean? What can they mean? Not even Children or Traîkhiim speak that way? As I shall explain at a later time, Gibberish, or at least pure Gibberish actually does have some very stable and rational rules unto it, rules which many adult units just in time forget. Gibberish thus may make sense, albeit sometimes with extraneous personal pronouns and affixes fluttering about. But the examples I just gave simply do not.
Pardon? Oh! Nieceling, I do believe you’ve done it. You’ve reinstated the cosmos. Order has been restored to language. Qoe and soe are part of their caste again. And all the universes make sense again, or at least as much sense as they did before.
Thank you, my Lord.
Call me Uncle.
I do have a question though. Not for then, if qoe and soe truly are level syntactic particle suffixes, then why can one say:
Qoe khniêr stélàrejikh pú thèker Puîyus.
In order for mee to kiß Þe princess, Puîyus jumps about.
Soe khniêr stélàrejikh pú thèker Puîyus.
In order for mee not to kiß Þe princess, Puîyus jumps about.
How can these suffixes be fronted to the beginning of the purpose clause?
Hmm. At least I don’t have to pay xeufhèlta weregild. Being an Immortal and all. Plus I don’t have any goods to share. And I don’t have have any pockets. Look, nothing at all in my wings at all.
Uncle?
All I’m saying is that every epic poem is improved by just tossing some severed heads about. In fact, I’d say every love poem is better with heads rolling about and splatterspluttering fountains of blood! The problem with epistles and language in general is that a writer, say you, a Princess, are just thinking too much about words and the existential meaning of eternity and dance and mathmatics and some strange snarling hulking crazed Immortal is at any moment just going to smash down the doors of your study and swing his flaming axe about and chase you around. Have I told you I’m thinking of changing my name to Raven?
Your name is already Raven.
No, I want to change it to Raven. It sound more dashing, don’t you think? I’m a leaping screaming skrikring warrior! Like Puey! And there I am swinging my swords and shields and weapons and whatever it is that warriors use. Horrible! Horrible! Oh most horrible! Shields are weapons too, right? So I’m ripping of heads and biting of limbs and shredding of someone’s tentacles and wings or whatever it is they have and blood and swelling about me and I look up and behold the Virgin Empress Khnoqwísi herself and then I stop fighting and just wade through the blood.
Uncle?
I’m changing my name to Raven.
One cannot change one’s name.
Oh. That’s right. But I just changed it to Raven.
It still does not change. One can be hight. But one does not change one’s own name. It’s just a matter of the basic alchemy of existance.
Is it? I suppose you’re right. You do tend to be clever. After all, you made up Language, one would think that you would know.
So what’s the answer to my querry?
Oh the whole problem of qoe and soe and why they can be fronted? Let me think for a moment, my little Princess. Ahem. Ahem. Achoo! There. I’m better. Now, the problem with qoe and soe is that they’re just elliptical to a degree, they demand that the listener or reader understand causation, whether in a purpose clause, or with the case of qoe in the Ensuring Construction or the Honorific Mode. And Causality can be a little different to comprehend in the endless dreamscapes of Glossopoeia, for as you have learned of your own little self, that the past and future are all the same, that time and memory are one, and we are all part of the Psalm of Dreams. And so speaking of Causality in a way, even in the most elegant of functions, the Ensuring Construction, demands that we become part of this dance.
My little one, the opinion among the Traditional Babelists is that qoe and soe are in some manner free particles which are clearl suffixes and not of the Locative Case, as you have proved. Now, qoe may be used with ur to form the Ensuring Construction, but soe may not. The Irrealis form of ur … qoe is –etwúreu. Qoe and soe share some of the same semantic attributes of both the Irrealis Mood and Injunctive mood, just think of the suffixes -áxeus, khrúje, suju and the rest, they all speak about bringing about something to happen which does not yet be, and yet qoe and soe are not always bound with being suffixes because
because they can help tell the future.
Uncle?
The Ensuring Construction fortells in a way. It forces a princess to dip her wings into causality and change it. She points, she makes, she lets, she ensures. Qoe and soe may appear as the first element in a clause as long as they are followed by a predicate in the experiencer case. Perhaps qoe and soe are in this way a little irregular, but they are clearly syntactic in function as they float in the streams of time.
I am not at all sure that I understand, Uncle.
Qoe always takes the predicate experiencer, but the suffix –etwur also takes the predicate experiencer. Consider, my treasure, the following examples:
Khniêr ur stélarèjikhing qoe Puîye Pátifhar.
Khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye Pátifharètwur.
Pátifharètwur khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye.
Pátifhar ensures that Puey kiß Þe princess.
The three sentences above … how would you translate them into the mews and grunts and purrs of beasts?
Pátifhar ensures that Puey kiss the princess.
Oh great, you’re learning a second language. We have a polymolyglot in the family. I hear that you translate all three of these sentences as the same in Qtheûnte the Language of Beasts. And yet, unto a natal speak of Babel, which shuld be the set of everyone who is not Puey and Ixhúja my children, there are subtle differences among the three examples in terms of emphasis and placement which may not be easy to convey in purrs. One could, almost artificially make a distinction among the three and call them:
Khniêr ur stélarèjikhing qoe Puîye Pátifhar.
Pátifhar makes Puey kiß Þe princess.
Khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye Pátifharètwur.
Pátifhar causes Puey to kiß Þe princess.
Pátifharètwur khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye.
Tis Pátifhar Þæt forces Puey to kiß Þe princess.
The first one I render make because that seems the most neutral way to describe causation. The second I render as cause because that seems a very utilitiarian way to describe it. The third sentence I emphasis both the agent, and then use a very strong term for causation. And so, even though all three mean Pátifhar ensures that Puey kiss the princess one does find differences among them. Context, one shoud know, my little one, uslaly makes such subtleties clear.
I understand what you mean, mine Uncle. One such subtlety that the Language of Beasts lack is case. I think I can think of an example. Where’s the chalkboard?
It’s become a plasmatic amœba.
I shall underline the predicate experiencers, mine Uncle.
Khniêr ur stélarèjikhing qoe Puîye Pátifhar.
Khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye Pátifharètwur.
Pátifharètwur khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye.
Pátifhar ensures that Puey kiß Þe princess.
In the first example Puey and kissing are the khwèlipe predicate experiencer, but in the second two examples tis Pátifhar and the kissing. Remember that the experiencer case hath three main functions, subject, predicate, and unmarked relative khyàtyikh clause. That suffix –etwur is always considered a form of the predicate experiencer. Eke, Pátfharètwur may be placed before an khwèlipe predicate experiencer or after an experiencer subject, although the locative case or vocative case may intervene. Of course, the kekhìsyu locative case can make the exact meaning ambiguous.
Khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye’ ijótlhàyaloi Pátifharètwur.
Pátifhar makes Puey on Þe hill kiß Þe princess
Pátifhar makes Puey kiß Þe princess on Þe hill.
Pátifharètwur ijótlhàyaloi khniêr stélarèjikhing Puîye.
Pátifhar on Þe hill makes Puey kiß Þe princess
Pátifhar makes Puey kiß Þe princess on Þe hill.
Xhnípe’ ur khniêrejikh qoe’ Éfhelìnye Puîye.
Puiyeyètwur xhnípe khniêrejikh Éfhelìnye.
Xhnípe khniêrejikh Éfhelìnye Puiyeyètwur.
Éfhelìnye is kißed by Puey.
In the first sét sentence Puey is the subject and Éfhelìnye and kissing are predicates. In the last two examples Éfhelìnye is the subject and Puey is the predicate. This subtle difference in causality is invariably lost in the translation into the muddle of wild beasts.
So, little one, we’ve proven that fiddling with language messes up the entire onarcosmos, haven’t we?
I’m not entirely sure.
I have stolen Puey’s idea. But you’ll understand why, later. For now I’m just going to play around with some of my favorite imagines and dreams and words, little nieceling. Feathers and flame and sword and silly and armor and Empress and bird and epic and māccuahuitl and tree and mead tea and concubine of the sun and knight and monster and vengance and myth and battle and hyper and poesy and philology and star and thane and sylph and unicorn and rainbow
Warrior Princess Raven
Sleep now. The letter is finished.
[Princess Éfhelìnye sleeps. The epistle folds itself up and sends itself of its own accord unto Puîyus, the Crown Prince of all the worlds.]
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